Purpose:
To measure the levels of various chemicals in the blood to assess organ function and diagnose diseases.
Specific Tests:
– Electrolytes Panel:
– Sodium: Normal range: 135-145 mmol/L. Abnormal levels can indicate dehydration, kidney disease, or adrenal gland disorders.
– Potassium: Normal range: 3.5-5.0 mmol/L. Abnormal levels can cause heart and muscle problems.
– Chloride: Normal range: 98-106 mmol/L. Abnormal levels can indicate acid-base imbalances.
– Bicarbonate: Normal range: 22-30 mmol/L. Abnormal levels can indicate metabolic or respiratory conditions.
– Liver Function Tests:
– ALT (Alanine Aminotransferase): Normal range: 7-56 units/L. High levels can indicate liver damage.
– AST (Aspartate Aminotransferase): Normal range: 10-40 units/L. High levels can indicate liver or heart damage.
– Bilirubin: Normal range: 3.4-20.5 µmol/L. High levels can indicate liver disease or bile duct obstruction.
– ALP (Alkaline Phosphatase): Normal range: 44-147 units/L. High levels can indicate liver or bone disease.
– Kidney Function Tests:
– Creatinine: Normal range: 53-115 µmol/L. High levels can indicate kidney dysfunction.
– BUN (Blood Urea Nitrogen): Normal range: 2.5-7.1 mmol/L. High levels can indicate kidney dysfunction or dehydration.
– Glucose:
– Fasting Blood Glucose: Normal range: 3.9-5.5 mmol/L. High levels can indicate diabetes.
– HbA1c: Normal range: less than 5.7%. High levels indicate poor blood sugar control over the past 2-3 months.
– Lipid Panel:
– Total Cholesterol: Normal range: Less than 5.2 mmol/L. High levels can indicate risk of heart disease.
– LDL Cholesterol: Normal range: Less than 2.6 mmol/L. High levels can indicate risk of heart disease.
– HDL Cholesterol: Normal range: 1.0 mmol/L or higher (men), 1.3 mmol/L or higher (women). Low levels can indicate risk of heart disease.
– Triglycerides: Normal range: Less than 1.7 mmol/L. High levels can indicate risk of heart disease.